Children and Adolescents (0-19 years)

Major NCDPersons with HIGH RISK of these NCDs are, or may have…
Hypertension (HTN) & Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)Overweight/obesity, family history of HTN or CVD, older age, diabetes, African descent, sleep disorders, kidney disease; pregnant women with other medical conditions during pregnancy.
DiabetesOverweight/obesity, family history of diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, signs of specific hormonal abnormalities, history of diabetes in pregnancy, physical inactivity.
Breast CancerAge over 40 years, family history of breast cancer, persons known to have BRCA 1 and 2 or other genetic mutations, history of chest exposed to radiation.
Cervical CancerAll women ages 21 to 65 years of age are at risk of cervical cancer. Persons with weak immune systems, including those with HIV infection, have a higher risk.
Colon CancerAge over 50 years especially males, personal or family history of intestinal polyps, family history of colon cancer, lifestyle factors (low fibre diet, obesity, diabetes, smoking), African descent.
Prostate CancerMen over 50 years, family history of prostate cancer, persons known to have BRCA 1 and 2  genetic mutations.
DepressionChronic medical illness, personal or family history of mental illness, single parent family, poor social and economic circumstances, history of negative life event (job loss, death of relative/friend, domestic violence, etc), substance abuse, sexual minorities.
What to check for…When should you get checked?
AVERAGE RISK PERSONS:HIGH RISK PERSONS:
Sickle Cell DiseaseAt birth in hospital
HypertensionEvery 2 yearsAnnually
DiabetesRoutine screening is not recommendedEvery 2 years
Breast CancerAdolescents: conduct a breast self-examination at the same time each month. If you notice any changes, visit your health care provider as soon as possible.Adolescents: visit your health care provider for screening and assessment by a specialist.
Cervical CancerScreening is not recommended, however HPV vaccination (2 doses given 6 months apart) for children 9-14 years is highly recommended.Screening is not recommended, unless there is a condition that weakens the immune system. HPV vaccination is also highly recommended. Talk with your health care provider.
Colon CancerRoutine screening is not recommended.For adolescents with genetic intestinal polyps, screening should start at 12 years of age with colonoscopy.
DepressionAdolescents: screen for depression annually. Talk with your health care provider.Adolescents: screen for depression three times a year. Talk with your health care provider.